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Bowling Green State University Athletics
White Handles Orange, 27-7, in Spring Game
April 27, 2002 | Football
April 27, 2002
Bowling Green, Ohio - BGSU football coach Urban Meyer had a suspicion who would win the spring game before the teams even took the field.
"You could see the enthusiasm and passion in the white team's eyes in the tunnel," said Meyer. "They had a look and determination and that's what we need everyone to have. I didn't see that same fire out of the orange squad."
The white team scored 20 unanswered points to close out the game and handed the orange squad a 27-7 beating.
"We tried to do some things to change the momentum the other way, but the white team just went down the field," said Meyer.
The momentum started with the white team early and never stopped.
Following an interception by senior Jerry Wagner which gave the white team the ball at the orange three-yard line, senior Joe Alls carried it in from three-yards out and redshirt freshman Nate Fry's PAT made it 7-0. On the ensuing orange possession, junior Josh Harris hit a wide open Robert Redd for a 24-yard TD strike and a Shaun Suisham extra point tied the game at 7-7.
From that point on, the white team dominated the game. The turning point came on the next series, when Fry booted a 43-yard field goal, providing the Falcons with an element that had left Meyer concerned this offseason.
Senior Andy Sahm led the white squad to two more scoring strikes before halftime. He hit freshman Steve Sanders with a seven-yard TD pass and then connected with sophomore Todd DiBacco on a nine-yard strike to make it 24-7 after 24 minutes of play.
With the clock running throughout the second half, the scoring was limited to a 30-yard field goal from Fry, which provided the final 20-point margin.
SPRING NOTES
The Falcons have moved their season opener to Thursday night, August 29, against Tennessee Tech. The game will kickoff at 7 p.m. It was originally scheduled for Saturday, August 31, but Coach Meyer would like to see a larger student turnout which is likely prior to Labor Day Weekend.
Sahm completed 13 of 19 passes for 166 yards and two TDs. Harris completed 11 of 19 for 109 yards and a TD, but threw three interceptions.
The white team outrushed the orange side, 138-1. Freshman B.J. Lane had 77 yards on 18 carries, including a long of 24 yards. Freshman wide receiver John Nicholson also had 40 yards on four carries.
WHITE HIGHLIGHTS
Sophomore Cole Magner caught four passes for 62 yards with a long of 34 yards. He also completed a 15-yard pass to Sahm. Freshman Steve Sanders had two catches for 35 yards, including a 28-yard grab. Freshman Derrick Lett also had a 24-yard catch.
Senior Jerry Wagner had two interceptions and two pass deflections.
Sophomore Keon Newson had four tackles, an interception and two pass deflections.
Senior Alex Glantzis had two sacks and sophomore Jovon Burkes had two tackles for a loss and a sack.
ORANGE NOTES
For the orange, freshman Charles Sharon had three catches for 31 yards, including a long of 14. Redd had two catches for 37 yards, including a 24-yard TD.
Sophomore Daniel Sayles had four tackles for a loss, a pass deflection and two sacks.
Sophomore Andy Grubb added a sack.
Junior's Mike Malone and Mitch Hewitt and freshman Mike Thaler each led the team with eight tackles.
Sophomore T.J. Carswell had seven tackles, including one for a loss.
Senior Pat Fleming averaged 46 yards on five punts combined for both teams.
Scoring Summary
Scoring Summary (Final) Bowling Green State University White vs Orange (Apr 27, 2002 at Spring Game 2002)
White vs. Orange Date: Apr 27, 2002 Site: Spring Game 2002 Stadium: Doyt Perry Stadium Attendance:
Score by Quarters 1 2 3 4 Score ----------------- -- -- -- -- ----- White............... 10 14 0 3 - 27 Orange.............. 7 0 0 0 - 7
Scoring Summary: WHITE - ORANGE
1st 10:21 WHITE - Joe Alls 3 yd run (Nate Fry kick) 7 - 0 07:08 ORANGE - Robert Redd 24 yd pass from Josh Harris (Shaun Suisham kick) 7 - 7 05:26 WHITE - Nate Fry 43 yd field goal 10 - 7 2nd 05:30 WHITE - Steve Sanders 7 yd pass from Andy Sahm (Nate Fry kick) 17 - 7 01:00 WHITE - Todd DiBacco 9 yd pass from Andy Sahm (Nate Fry kick) 24 - 7 4th 10:55 WHITE - Nate Fry 30 yd field goal 27 - 7
Team Statistics
Team Statistics
Team Statistics (Final) Bowling Green State University White vs Orange (Apr 27, 2002 at Spring Game 2002)
WHITE ORANGE
FIRST DOWNS................... 17 9 Rushing..................... 8 2 Passing..................... 9 6 Penalty..................... 0 1 Rushing Attempts.............. 32 13 Yards Gained Rushing.......... 158 18 Yards Lost Rushing............ 20 17 NET YARDS RUSHING............. 138 1 NET YARDS PASSING............. 181 109 Passes Attempted............ 20 19 Passes Completed............ 14 11 Had Intercepted............. 0 3 TOTAL OFFENSIVE PLAYS......... 52 32 TOTAL NET YARDS............... 319 110 Average Gain Per Play....... 6.1 3.4 Fumbles: Number-Lost.......... 0-0 0-0 Penalties: Number-Yards....... 1-17 3-18 Number of Punts-Yards......... 2-83 3-147 Average Per Punt............ 41.5 49.0 Punt Returns: Number-Yards.... 0-0 0-0 Kickoff Returns: Number-Yards. 0-0 0-0 Interceptions: Number-Yards... 3-56 0-0 Fumble Returns: Number-Yards.. 0-0 0-0 Miscellaneous Yards........... 0 0 Third-Down Conversions........ 6 of 11 3 of 6 Fourth-Down Conversions....... 1 of 1 0 of 0 Sacks By: Number-Yards........ 3-14 3-18
Individual Statistics
Individual Statistics
Individual Statistics (Final) Bowling Green State University White vs Orange (Apr 27, 2002 at Spring Game 2002)
White
Rushing No Gain Loss Net TD Lg Avg -------------------------------------------- B.J. Lane 18 79 2 77 0 24 4.3 John Nicholson 4 40 0 40 0 20 10.0 Joe Alls 4 18 0 18 1 8 4.5 Andy Sahm 6 21 18 3 0 12 0.5 Totals... 32 158 20 138 1 24 4.3
Passing Att-Cmp-Int Yds TD Long Sck ------------------------------------------- Andy Sahm 19-13-0 166 2 34 3 Cole Magner 1-1-0 15 0 15 0 Totals... 20-14-0 181 2 34 3
Receiving No. Yds TD Long ----------------------------------- Cole Magner 4 62 0 34 Steve Sanders 2 35 1 28 Joe Alls 2 5 0 9 Derrick Lett 1 24 0 24 Andy Sahm 1 15 0 15 Craig Jarrett 1 13 0 13 B. Davidson 1 12 0 12 Todd DiBacco 1 9 1 9 John Nicholson 1 6 0 6 Totals... 14 181 2 34
Punting No. Yds Avg Long In20 ----------------------------------------- Pat Fleming 2 83 41.5 42 1 Totals... 2 83 41.5 42 1
Punts Kickoffs Intercept All Returns No.Yds.Lg No.Yds.Lg No.Yds.Lg --------------------------------------------- Keon Newson 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 19 19 Jerry Wagner 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 37 33 Totals... 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 56 33
Field goal attempts ---------------------------------------- Nate Fry 1st 05:26 43 yds - Good Nate Fry 4th 10:55 30 yds - Good
Orange
Rushing No Gain Loss Net TD Lg Avg -------------------------------------------- Marlon Burt 3 5 1 4 0 3 1.3 Godfrey Lewis 3 2 1 1 0 2 0.3 Josh Harris 7 11 15 -4 0 6 -0.6 Totals... 13 18 17 1 0 6 0.1
Passing Att-Cmp-Int Yds TD Long Sck ------------------------------------------- Josh Harris 19-11-3 109 1 24 3 Totals... 19-11-3 109 1 24 3
Receiving No. Yds TD Long ----------------------------------- Charles Sharon 3 31 0 14 C.McGrady 3 14 0 6 Robert Redd 2 37 1 24 Marlon Burt 1 10 0 10 Godfrey Lewis 1 10 0 10 D'monn Baker 1 7 0 7 Totals... 11 109 1 24
Punting No. Yds Avg Long In20 ----------------------------------------- Pat Fleming 3 147 49.0 52 1 Totals... 3 147 49.0 52 1
Defensive Statistics
Defensive Statistics
Defensive Statistics (Final) Bowling Green State University White vs Orange (Apr 27, 2002 at Spring Game 2002)
White ## Player UT AT Total ForLoss FF FR-Yd Intc PD Blkd Sack/Yds QH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 57 Jeff Runnells 4 1 5 1-1 . . . . . / . 17 Keon Newson 4 . 4 . . . 1-19 2 . / . 21 Janssen Patton 3 1 4 . . . . . . / . 93 Alex Glantzis 2 1 3 2-10 . . . . . 2/10 . 44 Chris Haneline 1 2 3 . . . . . . / . 34 Javon Burkes 1 2 3 2-5 . . . . . 1/4 . 37 Jerry Wagner 1 1 2 1-1 . . 2-37 2 . / . 25 Lavell Sharpe 1 1 2 1-1 . . . . . / . 97 Will Teague 1 . 1 . . . . . . / . 40 M. Crossley . 1 1 . . . . . . / .
Orange ## Player UT AT Total ForLoss FF FR-Yd Intc PD Blkd Sack/Yds QH ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 30 Michael Malone 5 3 8 . . . . . . / . 11 Mitch Hewitt 5 3 8 . . . . . . / . 77 Mike Thaler 2 6 8 . . . . . . / . 12 T.J. Carswell 3 4 7 1-4 . . . . . / . 53 Daniel Sayles 4 1 5 4-16 . . . 1 . 2/9 . 43 Anthony Hicks 3 2 5 . . . . . . / . 28 Marcus Allen 2 1 3 . . . . . . / . 67 Andy Grubb 1 2 3 1-9 . . . . . 1/9 . 52 Luis Llamas 1 1 2 . . . . . . / . 1 Robert Redd 1 1 2 . . . . . . / . 33 I. Bannister . 2 2 . . . . 1 . / . 74 Ryan Lucas 1 . 1 . . . . . . / . 8 C.McGrady 1 . 1 . . . . . . / . 54 James Williams 1 . 1 1-2 . . . . . / . 50 Jason Kaminski 1 . 1 . . . . . . / . 95 Ron Blue . 1 1 . . . . . . / . 63 Robert Haley . 1 1 . . . . . . / . 25 E. Hendrix . . . . . . . 2 . / .
Play-by-Play Summary
Play-by-Play Summary
Play-by-Play Summary (1st quarter) Bowling Green State University White vs Orange (Apr 27, 2002 at Spring Game 2002)
W 1-10 W35 Andy Sahm pass complete to Joe Alls for 9 yards to the WHITE44 (T.J. Carswell). W 2-1 W44 Andy Sahm pass complete to Cole Magner for loss of 3 yards to the WHITE41 (Daniel Sayles). W 3-4 W41 Andy Sahm pass incomplete (E. Hendrix). W 4-4 W41 Pat Fleming punt 42 yards to the ORANGE17, downed.
O 1-10 O17 Josh Harris pass intercepted by Jerry Wagner at the ORANGE36, Jerry Wagner return 33 yards to the ORANGE3 (Robert Haley;Robert Redd). --------------- 1 plays, 0 yards, TOP 04:34 ---------------
W 1-G O03 WHITE drive start at 10:26 (1st). W 1-G O03 Joe Alls rush for 3 yards to the ORANGE0, TOUCHDOWN, clock 10:21. Nate Fry kick attempt good.
====================== WHITE 7, ORANGE 0 ======================
W 1-G W35 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 1-G O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Godfrey Lewis rush for no gain to the ORANGE35 (Javon Burkes;Chris Haneline). O 2-10 O35 Josh Harris pass complete to D'monn Baker for 7 yards to the ORANGE42 (Jerry Wagner). O 3-3 O42 Josh Harris pass complete to Robert Redd for 13 yards to the WHITE45, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Chris Haneline). O 1-10 W45 Josh Harris rush for 6 yards to the WHITE39 (Keon Newson). O 2-4 W39 Josh Harris rush for 5 yards to the WHITE34, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Will Teague). O 1-10 W34 Josh Harris pass incomplete. O 2-10 W34 Josh Harris pass incomplete. O 3-10 W34 Josh Harris pass complete to Godfrey Lewis for 10 yards to the WHITE24, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Jeff Runnells;Janssen Patton). O 1-10 W24 Josh Harris pass complete to Robert Redd for 24 yards to the WHITE0, 1ST DOWN ORANGE, TOUCHDOWN, clock 07:08. Shaun Suisham kick attempt good.
====================== WHITE 7, ORANGE 7 ======================
O 1-G O35 WHITE ball on WHITE35. W 1-G W35 1st and 10. W 1-10 W35 Andy Sahm rush for 12 yards to the WHITE47, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Michael Malone). W 1-10 W47 Andy Sahm pass complete to Cole Magner for 27 yards to the ORANGE26, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Anthony Hicks;Michael Malone). W 1-10 O26 B.J. Lane rush for no gain to the ORANGE26 (Marcus Allen). W 2-10 O26 Andy Sahm pass incomplete. W 3-10 O26 Andy Sahm pass incomplete (Daniel Sayles). W 4-10 O26 Nate Fry field goal attempt from 43 GOOD, clock 05:26.
====================== WHITE 10, ORANGE 7 ======================
W 1-G W35 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 1-G O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Marlon Burt rush for loss of 1 yard to the ORANGE34 (Jeff Runnells). O 2-11 O34 Josh Harris pass complete to Marlon Burt for 10 yards to the ORANGE44 (Jeff Runnells). O 3-1 O44 PENALTY ORANGE false start 5 yards to the ORANGE39. O 3-6 O39 Josh Harris pass incomplete. O 4-6 O39 Pat Fleming punt 47 yards to the WHITE14, downed. --------------- 19 plays, 3 yards, TOP 05:00 ---------------
W 1-10 W14 WHITE drive start at 03:44 (1st). W 1-10 W14 Joe Alls rush for 3 yards to the WHITE17 (Mike Thaler;Luis Llamas). W 2-7 W17 Joe Alls rush for 4 yards to the WHITE21 (Marcus Allen). W 3-3 W21 Andy Sahm pass complete to Cole Magner for 4 yards to the WHITE25, 1ST DOWN WHITE (T.J. Carswell). W 1-10 W25 B.J. Lane rush for 3 yards to the WHITE28 (Ron Blue;Mike Thaler). W 2-7 W28 Andy Sahm pass incomplete (E. Hendrix). W 3-7 W28 Andy Sahm pass complete to Craig Jarrett for 13 yards to the WHITE41, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Michael Malone). W 1-10 W41 Andy Sahm rush for no gain to the WHITE41 (Mitch Hewitt). W 2-10 W41 Andy Sahm sacked for loss of 4 yards to the WHITE37 (Daniel Sayles).
==END OF 1st QUARTER== WHITE 10, ORANGE 7 ======================
Play-by-Play Summary (2nd quarter)
W 3-14 W37 Start of 2nd quarter, clock 12:00. W 3-14 W37 Andy Sahm pass complete to Joe Alls for loss of 4 yards to the WHITE33 (Daniel Sayles;T.J. Carswell). W 4-18 W33 Pat Fleming punt 41 yards to the ORANGE26, downed. --------------- 9 plays, 19 yards, TOP 07:46 ---------------O 1-10 O26 ORANGE drive start at 10:58 (2nd). O 1-10 O26 Josh Harris rush for no gain to the ORANGE26 (Keon Newson). O 2-10 O26 Godfrey Lewis rush for loss of 1 yard to the ORANGE25 (Javon Burkes;Jerry Wagner). O 3-11 O25 Josh Harris sacked for loss of 4 yards to the ORANGE21 (Javon Burkes). O 4-15 O21 Pat Fleming punt 48 yards to the WHITE31, downed. --------------- 3 plays, minus 5 yards, TOP 02:00 ---------------
W 1-10 W31 WHITE drive start at 08:58 (2nd). W 1-10 W31 B.J. Lane rush for 3 yards to the WHITE34 (Mitch Hewitt). W 2-7 W34 B.J. Lane rush for 9 yards to the WHITE43, 1ST DOWN WHITE (T.J. Carswell;Andy Grubb). W 1-10 W43 B.J. Lane rush for 3 yards to the WHITE46 (Mitch Hewitt). W 2-7 W46 B.J. Lane rush for 10 yards to the ORANGE44, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Daniel Sayles). W 1-10 O44 John Nicholson rush for 20 yards to the ORANGE24, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Michael Malone). W 1-10 O24 Cole Magner pass complete to Andy Sahm for 15 yards to the ORANGE9, 1ST DOWN WHITE. W 1-G O09 B.J. Lane rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE7 (Jason Kaminski). W 2-G O07 Andy Sahm pass complete to Steve Sanders for 7 yards to the ORANGE0, TOUCHDOWN, clock 05:30. Nate Fry kick attempt good.
====================== WHITE 17, ORANGE 7 ======================
W 1-G W35 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 1-G O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Godfrey Lewis rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE37 (Lavell Sharpe;Chris Haneline). O 2-8 O37 Josh Harris pass intercepted by Jerry Wagner at the WHITE48, Jerry Wagner return 4 yards to the ORANGE48 (C.McGrady). --------------- 10 plays, 69 yards, TOP 03:28 ---------------
W 1-10 O48 WHITE drive start at 04:20 (2nd). W 1-10 O48 Andy Sahm sacked for loss of 9 yards to the WHITE43 (Andy Grubb). W 2-19 W43 Andy Sahm pass complete to John Nicholson for 6 yards to the WHITE49 (Anthony Hicks). W 3-13 W49 Andy Sahm pass complete to Cole Magner for 34 yards to the ORANGE17, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Anthony Hicks). W 1-10 O17 Andy Sahm pass incomplete. W 2-10 O17 Andy Sahm pass incomplete (I. Bannister). W 3-10 O17 Joe Alls rush for 8 yards to the ORANGE9 (Mitch Hewitt). W 4-2 O09 Andy Sahm pass complete to Todd DiBacco for 9 yards to the ORANGE0, 1ST DOWN WHITE, TOUCHDOWN, clock 01:00. Nate Fry kick attempt good.
====================== WHITE 24, ORANGE 7 ======================
W 1-G W35 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 1-G O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Josh Harris sacked for loss of 1 yard to the ORANGE34 (Alex Glantzis). O 2-11 O34 Josh Harris pass complete to C.McGrady for 6 yards to the ORANGE40 (Janssen Patton). O 3-5 O40 Josh Harris pass complete to C.McGrady for 6 yards to the ORANGE46, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Janssen Patton). O 1-10 O46 PENALTY ORANGE illegal procedure 5 yards to the ORANGE41. O 1-15 O41 Josh Harris pass incomplete. O 2-15 O41 End of 1st half, clock 00:00.
==END OF 2nd QUARTER== WHITE 24, ORANGE 7 ======================
Play-by-Play Summary (3rd quarter)
O 2-15 O41 Start of 3rd quarter, clock 12:00. O 2-15 O41 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 2-15 O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Josh Harris pass complete to Charles Sharon for 9 yards to the ORANGE44 (Keon Newson). O 2-1 O44 Marlon Burt rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE46, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Jeff Runnells). O 1-10 O46 Josh Harris rush for loss of 1 yard to the ORANGE45 (Lavell Sharpe). O 2-11 O45 Josh Harris pass incomplete (Keon Newson). O 3-11 O45 Marlon Burt rush for 3 yards to the ORANGE48 (M. Crossley;Alex Glantzis). O 4-8 O48 Pat Fleming punt 52 yards to the WHITE0, downed. --------------- 16 plays, 48 yards, TOP 04:20 ---------------W 1-10 W00 WHITE ball on WHITE2. W 1-10 W02 WHITE drive start at 07:11 (3rd). W 1-10 W02 Andy Sahm pass complete to Derrick Lett for 24 yards to the WHITE26, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Marcus Allen;Michael Malone). W 1-10 W26 B.J. Lane rush for 24 yards to the 50 yardline, 1ST DOWN WHITE (T.J. Carswell;Michael Malone). W 1-10 W50 B.J. Lane rush for 3 yards to the ORANGE47 (Mike Thaler). W 2-7 O47 B.J. Lane rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE45 (T.J. Carswell;Mike Thaler). W 3-5 O45 Andy Sahm pass complete to B. Davidson for 12 yards to the ORANGE33, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Anthony Hicks). W 1-10 O33 Andy Sahm rush for 9 yards to the ORANGE24 (T.J. Carswell). W 2-1 O24 B.J. Lane rush for no gain to the ORANGE24 (Mike Thaler). W 3-1 O24 B.J. Lane rush for 4 yards to the ORANGE20, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Luis Llamas). W 1-10 O20 John Nicholson rush for 8 yards to the ORANGE12 (Robert Redd). W 2-2 O12 B.J. Lane rush for 1 yard to the ORANGE11 (Mitch Hewitt;Mike Thaler).
==END OF 3rd QUARTER== WHITE 24, ORANGE 7 ======================
Play-by-Play Summary (4th quarter)
W 3-1 O11 Start of 4th quarter, clock 12:00. W 3-1 O11 B.J. Lane rush for loss of 2 yards to the ORANGE13 (James Williams). W 4-3 O13 Nate Fry field goal attempt from 30 GOOD, clock 10:55.====================== WHITE 27, ORANGE 7 ======================
W 1-G W35 ORANGE ball on ORANGE35. O 1-G O35 1st and 10. O 1-10 O35 Josh Harris pass complete to Charles Sharon for 14 yards to the ORANGE49, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Keon Newson). O 1-10 O49 PENALTY WHITE face mask 17 yards to the WHITE34, 1ST DOWN ORANGE. O 1-10 W34 Josh Harris pass complete to C.McGrady for 2 yards to the WHITE32 (Jeff Runnells). O 2-8 W32 Josh Harris pass complete to Charles Sharon for 8 yards to the WHITE24, 1ST DOWN ORANGE (Janssen Patton). O 1-10 W24 PENALTY ORANGE false start 8 yards to the WHITE32. O 1-18 W32 Josh Harris sacked for loss of 9 yards to the WHITE41 (Alex Glantzis). O 2-27 W41 Josh Harris pass intercepted by Keon Newson at the WHITE10, Keon Newson return 19 yards to the WHITE29 (Ryan Lucas). --------------- 17 plays, 85 yards, TOP 11:16 ---------------
W 1-10 W29 WHITE drive start at 05:47 (4th). W 1-10 W29 B.J. Lane rush for 2 yards to the WHITE31 (Mike Thaler;Mitch Hewitt). W 2-8 W31 John Nicholson rush for 3 yards to the WHITE34 (Michael Malone). W 3-5 W34 Andy Sahm pass complete to Steve Sanders for 28 yards to the ORANGE38, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Michael Malone). W 1-10 O38 B.J. Lane rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE36 (Mitch Hewitt). W 2-8 O36 B.J. Lane rush for 9 yards to the ORANGE27, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Andy Grubb;Mike Thaler). W 1-10 O27 John Nicholson rush for 9 yards to the ORANGE18 (I. Bannister;Anthony Hicks). W 2-1 O18 B.J. Lane rush for 2 yards to the ORANGE16, 1ST DOWN WHITE (Mitch Hewitt;I. Bannister). W 1-10 O16 Andy Sahm sacked for loss of 5 yards to the ORANGE21 (Daniel Sayles). W 2-15 O21 End of 2nd half, clock 00:00. --------------- 8 plays, 50 yards, TOP 05:47 ---------------
======FINAL SCORE===== WHITE 27, ORANGE 7 ======================
